United Nations General Assembly (UNGA):

29 Oct 2024 12:28:07 pm

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Topic: United Nations

Why in the news?

India abstains from voting on UNGA resolution against Israel’s ‘occupation’
The effort of the United Nations should be to “build bridges” between the Israeli and Palestinian sides, India said, explaining a decision to abstain from a resolution at the UN General Assembly (UNGA) that called on Israel to vacate Palestinian territories on the basis of an opinion by the International Court of Justice (ICJ).
India was among 43 nations that abstained from the resolution, which was adopted by the UN body, as more than two-thirds of the countries present, a massive 124 of 181, voted in favour of it.

Source: The Hindu

About United Nations General Assembly (UNGA):

It was established in 1945 under the Charter of the United Nations and is headquartered in New York City.
It is one of the six principal organs of the UN and serves as the main policy-making organ of the Organization.
It provides a unique forum for multilateral discussion of the full spectrum of international issues covered by the Charter of the United Nations.
Each of the 193 Member States of the United Nations has an equal vote.
It also makes key decisions for the UN, including:
- appointing the Secretary-General on the recommendation of the Security Council
- electing the non-permanent members of the Security Council
- approving the UN budget

International Court of Justice (ICJ):

It is also known as the World Court.
It is the principal judicial organ of the United Nations (UN).
It was established in June 1945 by Charter of the UN and began work in April 1946.
The seat of the Court is at the Peace Palace in The Hague (Netherlands).
Of the six principal organs of the UN, it is the only one not located in New York.
The hearings of the ICJ are always public.
Its official languages are French and English.
The Court may entertain two types of cases:
- First, it can act as a dispute settlement body between two member States in what are called “contentious cases.” Such disputes may concern, in particular, land frontiers, maritime boundaries, territorial sovereignty, the non-use of force, violation of international humanitarian law, non-interference in the internal affairs of States and diplomatic relations.
- Second, it can accept requests to issue an advisory opinion on a legal question referred to it by aUN body or specialized agency. These opinions can clarify the ways in which such organizations may lawfully function or strengthen their authority in relation to their member States.
The court\'s judgments in contentious cases are final and binding on the parties to a case, and without appeal.