Baku

12 Nov 2024 11:31:10 am

Tags : Baku

Topic: Places in news

Why in the news?

The 29th Conference of Parties (COP) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) is to start from November 11 in Baku, the capital of Azerbaijan.

Source: Down To Earth

About Baku:

It is the capital and largest city of Azerbaijan, as well as the largest city on the Caspian Sea and in the Caucasus region.
It is 28 m. below sea level, which makes it the lowest-lying national capital in the world and also the largest city in the world below sea level.
It lies on the southern shore of the Absheron Peninsula, on the Bay of Baku.
It is the primate city of Azerbaijan. It is the sole metropolis in the country, and about 25% of all inhabitants of the country live in Baku\'s metropolitan area.
The Old City, containing the Palace of the Shirvanshahs and the Maiden Tower, was designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2000.
The city is the scientific, cultural, and industrial center of Azerbaijan.
It is renowned for its harsh winds, reflected in its nickname, the \"City of Winds\".
It is situated on the western coast of the Caspian Sea.
In the vicinity of the city, there are several mud volcanoes (Keyraki, Bogkh-bogkha, Lokbatan and others) and salt lakes (Boyukshor, Khodasan and so on).
Climate
Baku has a cold semi-arid climate (Köppen climate classification: BSk) with hot and humid summers, cool and occasionally wet winters, and strong winds all year long.
Baku\'s largest industry is petroleum, and its petroleum exports make it a large contributor to Azerbaijan\'s balance of payments.

United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC):

It is the UN process for negotiating an agreement to limit dangerous climate change.
It is an international treaty among countries to combat \"dangerous human interference with the climate system\". The main way to do this is limiting the increase in greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.
It was signed in 1992 by 154 states at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), informally known as the Earth Summit, held in Rio de Janeiro. The treaty entered into force on 21 March 1994.
Its work currently focuses on implementing the Paris Agreement, which aims to limit the rise in global temperature to well below 2 °C above levels before the Industrial Revolution, and even aiming to hold it at 1.5 °C.
By 2022, the UNFCCC had 198 parties.
Its supreme decision-making body, the Conference of the Parties (COP), meets every year